磁力配重型在线自动平衡头的作动原理研究

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Kinematic precept of mass block in automatic balancer is proposed following the principle of online automatic dynamic balancing.By combination of electromagnet and permanent magnet,the magnetic circuit of the balancer with ring coil and rare earth permanent magnet is designed.Actuating process of the balancer is discussed and then a step drive voltage waveform is defined.For the high-speed grinding motorized spindle 170MD12Y16,the mechanical structure and dimensions of the balancer are schemed out.The electromagnetic simulations for the designed balancer are conducted and the better coil ampere-turns and reluctance adjusting ring thickness are then determined.The validity of simulation results is verified by a balancer driving experiment and the desired voltage value and its duration time are also determined.the designed balancer has a stable operation process without out-of-step and fluctuation around balanced position when the ampere-turns are considered as 1 kA,the reluctance adjusting ring thickness 0.2 mm,the driving voltage 12.4 V and the voltage duration time 120 ms.从转子在线自动动平衡的基本原理入手,提出了自动平衡头的质量块运动方案。基于电磁-永磁混合驱动思想,设计了以环形通电线圈和稀土永磁材料为激励的平衡头磁路结构。介绍了平衡头作动过程,基于此给出了阶跃型驱动电压波形。针对170MD12Y16高速磨削电主轴,设计了平衡头具体结构,通过有限元电磁场仿真,确定了合适的线圈安匝数和磁阻调整环厚度;通过驱动试验,验证了仿真结果的正确性并确定了合适的电压及其持续时间。研究结果表明,当安匝数为1kA、磁阻调整环厚度为0.2mm、驱动电压为12.4V且占与空时间均为120ms时,平衡头运转平稳。