20CrNiMo冲蚀磨损性能研究

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The erosion wear of 20CrNiMo was studied using a self-made erosion-wear experimental device, and the effect of erosion time and impacting velocity on erosion wear weight loss was shown. The mechanism of single particle impacting the surface of the sample was observed by using the scanning electron microscope （SEM）. The forming mechanism of ero- sion wear of sample surface was discussed, based on the three classic erosion wear theories from the angle of mechanics of materials and tribology by observing the surface micro morphology of erosion trace. The results show that erosion wear weight loss is steady increased along with the erosion time and impacting velocity increased. The erosion reaction of the particles on the sample is determined by the energy of the impacting particles. Because the particles having different ener- gy, the stress of surface of the reacted erosion sample are at different level. The mechanism of friction is working mainly while the stress is in the elastic stage. And the mechanism of micro cutting is working while the stress is between yield point and ultimate strength. When the stress exceeded ultimate strength, the spalling phenomena are occurred.用自制的冲蚀磨损试验装置对20CrNiMo的冲蚀磨损性能进行研究，揭示冲蚀时间和冲蚀速度对冲蚀磨损量的影响。借助于电子显微镜（SEM），考察单个粒子对试样表面的作用机制，从材料力学和摩擦学的角度，结合3种经典的冲蚀磨损理论，通过观察分析冲蚀表面的微观形貌，探讨试样表面磨损破坏的形成机制。结果表明，随着冲蚀时间和冲蚀速度的增加，冲蚀磨损量稳定增加。冲蚀粒子对冲蚀试样表面的作用，取决于撞击粒子的能量的大小。由于不同粒子的能量大小不同，它所作用的试样的表面应力处于不同的水平，当应力处于弹性状态时，主要是摩擦机制起作用；当应力在屈服极限和强度极限之间时，微切削机制起作用；当应力超过强度极限时，则发生剥落现象。