高速机车牵引齿轮传动系统动态特性及非线性因素影响研究

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Based on an existing model with coupling of bending, torsion and swinging for helical cylindrical gears, taking dynamic characteristics of helical gear in five directions of three dimensions into account, an improved multidegree-of-freedom dynamic model with coupling of bending, torsion and swinging was developed comprehensively considering non-linear factors, such as, time-varying mesh stiffness, tooth gap, and bearing clearance. The amplitude- frequency response and time history response curves in five directions of a gear transmission system of a high speed locamotive were obtained by using numerical integration with Runge-Kutta method after the treatment of non-dimensional indications for the dynamic model. The gear dynamic behaviors were analyzed and the influences of internal excitation, backlash of tooth surface and bearing clearance were given quantitatively. The study results provided a reference for dynamic optimization design, noise control and reasonably choosing of backlash of tooth surface and bearing clearance.综合考虑齿轮时变啮合刚度、齿面间隙、轴承游隙等多种非线性因素影响,并考虑高速机车齿轮传动系统三维空间五个方向的振动响应,建立高速机车齿轮传动系统弯-扭-轴-摆耦合多自由度动力学分析模型。对动力学方程进行无量纲化后,采用4阶变步长Runge-Kutta法对高速机车齿轮传动系统动力学模型进行求解得到高速机车齿轮传动系统时间历程曲线和幅频响应曲线。定量给出齿轮内部激励、齿面间隙、轴承游隙等参数等对高速机车齿轮传动系统的影响,为齿轮的动态优化设计和齿面侧隙、轴承游隙等参数的合理选择提供理论基础。