仿生制动盘表面温度场与应力场的计算机模拟

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Three briefly kinds of bionic brake disk models are developed according to the theory of inherent and efficient heat dissipation of biology, which can reduce the maximum temperature of brake disk so as to prevent the wear and fatigue. Subsequently the temperature field and stress field under the urgent-braking condition are researched and compared between the bionic and the normal brake disks using ANSYS which is the f＇mite element software. The result shows that the bionic brake disks can significantly reduce the temperature gradient and the stress concentration of brake disks, so that the tendency of thermal fatigue is reduced. And the order of reduction caused by the bionic brake disks from bigger one to smaller is： The bionic brake disk with grid grooves, the bionic brake disk with radial grooves, the bionic brake disk with ring groove. The decreased friction heat and the increased ability of heat-dissipation are the main reasons for the lower temperature. Based on these numerical results, some references for optimization design and experimental study of bionic brake disks in the future are provided.根据天然生物与生俱有的高效散热原理,设计三种可抑制温升,从而预防磨损和疲劳的仿生车辆制动盘,并建立三维计算模型。借助于有限元分析软件ANSYS,研究比较这三种表面形态的仿生制动盘和常规制动盘在紧急制动工况下,温度场和应力场的大小及变化趋势。结果表明,仿生制动盘能够降低制动盘表面的温度梯度和应力集中,从而可减小由于循环应力而导致的热疲劳趋势,其降低幅度从大到小依次为具有网格状凹槽的仿生制动盘、具有放射状凹槽的仿生制动盘和具有环形凹槽的仿生制动盘。摩擦生热降低和散热性的提高是温度梯度下降的主要原因。该模拟研究为今后仿生制动盘的优化设计和试验研究提供了重要参考依据。