微型自动排气阀的工作机理与排气特性

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为研究某微型自动排气阀的工作机理和排气特性,并为性能预测和优化设计提供理论基础,采用CFD计算方法对其内部流动和排气特性进行数值模拟研究并进行试验验证.建立了排气阀完整的CFD分析模型并进行三维流场计算,获得了排气和排油状态下的内部流场结构和相应的截止压力.分析了阀瓣位置、流道尺寸对球体升力和阀门截止压力等参数的影响,比较了CFD计算结果和通用理论公式计算结果.建立了排气阀排气特性的测试装置,对排油和排气工况下的截止压力进行测量.研究结果表明：基于CFD分析的截止压力预测结果与试验结果吻合较好;在油介质条件下,通用理论公式计算结果相对CFD预测结果存在较大误差,在空气介质下,两者吻合较好;阀瓣1/2腔高位置的计算结果较为合适;该类型排气阀在结构等比例放大后可保持截止压力不变;所得计算方法及排气特性分析结果可应用于微型排气阀的设计与优化.

To study the working mechanism and exhaust characteristics and establish a theoretical base for performance prediction and design optimization of a mini-exhaust valve,CFD simulations were carried out to obtain the exhaust characteristics and internal flow field,and then they were verified with experiment.The model of whole flow passage was established and 3D flow field in it was calculated,the flow field structures,closing pressure,pressure and velocity distributions in the valve were presented when the valve discharges air and oil,respectively.The influences of valve position on ball lift and passage size on closing pressure were analyzed.A comparison of CFD simulation results and those gi-ven by general analytical formula was made.A test device was established to measure the closing pressure in oil and air exhausting conditions.The results showed that the CFD predicted closing pressure is consistent with experimental observation.The pressure estimated by the analytical formula is different from the CFD prediction under oil exhausting condition.However,agreement in the closing pressure between CFD and analytical formula is good in air exhausting condition.The closing pressure in an enlarged model of the valve passage remains the same as the original valve.The CFD simulation method and its results can be applicable in design and optimization of min-exhaust valve.

排气阀，截止压力，计算流体动力学，数值模拟，试验装置，exhaust valve，closing pressure，computational fluid dynamics，numerical simulation，experiment device。

微型自动排气阀的工作机理与排气特性。