铝合金与玻璃钢汽车引擎盖的生命周期评价

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In this paper, the life cycle environmental impact of automotive engine hoods made of alumi- num alloy and composite plastic is estimated and analyzed contrastively. The result shows that during the phases of obtaining raw material and manufacturing, the environmental impact of automotive en- gine hoods made of aluminum alloy is larger than that of the ones made of composite plastic, while the life cycle environmental impact of the former is less than that of the latter because of the lower gaso- line consumption during servicing phase. The assessment is extended from the engine hood to the en- tire automotive as the automotive A using 100 kg aluminum alloy is compared with the automotive B using 120 kg composite plastic. The life cycle environmental impact of automotive A is less than that of automotive B, while the impact of automotive A is larger than that of automotive B until the auto- motives have served for seven years, reaching an accumulative distance of 148 500 km.文章对铝合金和复合材料汽车引擎盖的生命周期环境影响进行了评价和对比分析，结果表明，在原材料获取阶段和加工制造阶段，铝合金引擎盖的环境影响大于复合材料引擎盖，使用阶段的低油耗使得前者的生命周期环境影响小于后者。由分析单一引擎盖零部件扩展到整车，将使用100kg铝合金的汽车A与使用120kg复合材料的汽车B进行对比分析。汽车A的生命周期环境影响小于汽车B，但在车辆行驶至第7年之前，即累计行程为14．85×10^4km，汽车A生命周期环境影响大于汽车B。