空气静压轴承静态特性的工程计算与数值仿真

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The static characteristics of radial aerostatic bearing were analyzed in theory. The flow field model of bearing was equally divided and calculated with the air films separation method and the calculat- ing formula of bearing capacity and stiffness were got. Based on symmetry quality of aerostatic bearing and array quality of restrictors, ANSYS 2D fluid analysis was used to numerically simulate bearing air films instead of complicated 3D analysis and pressure distribution of air films was obtained. In the same geometrical parameters of aerostatic bearing, load capacity and stiffness were analyzed under different ec- centricity and gas supply pressure. The result shows that load capacity and stiffness change proportionally with gas supply pressure, and with the increase of eccentricity, load capacity increases while stiffness de- creases. Good agreement is achieved between the simulation results and engineering calculation results, which proves that the numerical simulation method can effectively analyze the flow filed characteristics of aerostatic bearing.对径向空气静压轴承静态特性进行理论分析，运用气膜分割法将流场模型等分后进行计算，得到轴承静态承载力和刚度的计算公式。基于空气静压轴承对称性和节流器阵列性，利用ANSYS二维流场分析取代复杂的三维分析，对轴承内气膜进行数值仿真，求解出气膜的压力分布。在轴承几何参数不变的情况下，分析不同偏心率和供气压力对轴承承载能力和刚度的影响。结果表明轴承承载力和刚度都随着供气压力增大而增大，且随着偏心率的增大，轴承承载力增大，刚度降低。仿真结果与工程计算结果具有较好的吻合性，证明该数值仿真方法能够有效进行空气静压轴承流场特性分析。