磁场干涉对不同磁属性材料干摩擦学特性的影响

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The influence of magnetic field on dry-sliding friction and wear characteristics of materials with different magnetic properties is presented and studied systematically. The formulas of magnetic field interference factor are defined. The relationship of affecting degree of magnetic field and materials magnetism is analyzed. The results show that on the whole, under interfering of magnetic field, the dry tribological properties of material and their magnetic permeability have a certain corresponding relationship; The affecting degree of magnetic field increases with magnetic permeability of materials enlarging. When the difference of relative magnetic permeability of materials between friction pairs is too large, it is not conducive to play the reducing effect of magnetic field on friction and wear. Due to the affecting of different chemical properties （compositions）, mechanical properties and thermal conductivity of materials as well as matching, obvious system dependent appears. In the aspect of wear rate, with exerting and increasing of a magnetic field, the wear-resistance of ferromagnetic materials is improved, of which the diamagnetic materials exacerbates. For paramagnetic materials, whose wear-resistance deteriorates when matching with ferromagnetic material, improves when matching with diamagnetic materials. In the aspect of friction coefficient, the antifriction property of friction-pairs containing ferromagnetic materials improves, which deteriorates when containing diamagnetic materials without ferromagnetic materials. Through the analysis on wear rate of ring specimens, the magnetism of clamping devices for specimens may affect test results; Through the decreasing trend of wear rate of diamagnetic CuZn as ring specimens, additions to ferromagnetic materials on the back of diamagnetic materials can overcome the adverse effects of magnetic field on wear resistance of diamagnetic materials.提出并比较系统地研究不同磁属性材料自、互配副在磁场干涉下的干摩擦学特性,定义磁场干涉因子的公式,分析材料磁性与磁场影响程度的关系。结果表明：总体上,磁场干涉下,材料的干摩擦学特性与其磁导率有一定的对应关系,受磁场的影响程度随磁导率的增大而增大;配副材料的磁导率相差太大时,不利于发挥磁场的耐磨减摩效果;由于受各材料化学性能（成分）、力学性能和导热性能不同以及选配的影响,具有明显的系统依赖性;随着磁场的增大,在磨损率方面,铁磁性材料的磨损率有减小的趋势,抗磁性材料的磨损率有增大的趋势;对于顺磁性材料,当与高磁导率的铁磁性材料配副时,磨损率有增大的趋势,而与抗磁性材料配副时,磨损率有略微减小的趋势;在摩擦因数方面,含铁磁性材料的摩擦副的摩擦因数有减小的趋势,含抗磁性材料又不含铁磁性材料的摩擦副的摩擦因数却有增大的趋势。通过对环试样磨损率的分析得出,试样装卡装置的磁性会对试验结果造成一定影响;通过作为环试样的抗磁性锌黄铜磨损率有降低的趋势得出,在抗磁性锌黄铜背面添置铁磁性材料,即可克服磁场对抗磁性材料耐磨性能有不利影响。