基于自适应时变滤波阶比跟踪的齿轮箱故障诊断

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针对多输入多输出齿轮箱传动系统和齿轮箱集群的振动信号中各啮合频率阶次相互干扰,从而导致故障诊断困难的问题,研究提出一种基于自适应时变滤波阶比跟踪的齿轮箱故障诊断方法。该方法利用基于多尺度线调频基稀疏信号分解提取各对传动齿轮的啮合频率,以各啮合频率为中心频率,对应转频的倍频为滤波带宽分别设计自适应时变滤波器对信号进行滤波,逐个提取振动信号中的啮合频率调制分量,再分别对提取的啮合频率调制分量单独进行阶比分析,有效地抑制其他无关联轴上齿轮啮合振动信号和其他非阶比噪声信号对阶比谱的影响,较好地解决阶比信号相互干扰的问题,提高阶比谱的调制识别效果,为多输入多输出齿轮箱系统和齿轮箱集群的故障诊断提供一条有效途径。仿真算例和应用实例说明方法的有效性。 In the fault diagnosis of multi-input and multi-output gearboxes and gearbox group,the orders of meshing frequency interfere with one another in the order tracking method,so it is difficult to use the order spectrum for gearbox fault diagnosis.In order to solve the problems mentioned above,a new method of fault diagnosis is proposed.The mono modulated gear meshing signals are filtered from vibration signal one by one with the adaptive time-varying filter whose center frequency is extracted by the sparse signal decomposition method based on multi-scale chirplet,and the bandwidth is set by the multiple of corresponding rotate speed.The fault diagnosis is conducted on the order spectrum of the filtered signals.The method effectively suppresses the influences of other gear meshing vibration from unrelated transmission systems and other non-order noise signals onto order spectrum.It favorably solves the problem of order interference,and enhances order spectrum more clearly,which provides an effective method for the fault diagnosis of multi-input and multi-output gearbox and gearbox group.A simulation and an application all are proved the effectiveness of the method.