自动变速器英文文献加翻译

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AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION
The modern automatic transmission is by far， the most complicated mechanical component in todays automobile. It is a type of transmission that sifts itself. A fluid coupling or torque converter is used instead of a manually operated clutch to connect the transmission to the engine.
There are two basic types of automatic transmission based on whether the vehicle is rear wheel drive or front wheel drive. On a rear wheel drive car， the transmission is usually mounted to the back of the engine and is located under the hump in the center of the floorboard alongside the gas pedal position. A drive shaft connects the transmission to the final drive which is located in the rear axle and is used to send power to the rear wheels. Power flow on this system is simple and straight forward going from the engine， through the torque converter， then trough the transmission and drive shaft until it reaches the final drive where it is split and sent to the two rear transmission.
On a front wheel drive car， the transmission is usually combined with the final drive to form what is called a transaxle. The engine on a front wheel drive car is usually mounted sideways in the car with the transaxle tucked under it on the side of the engine facing the rear of the car. Front axles are connected directly to the transaxle and provide power to front wheels. In this example， power floes from the engine， through the torque converter to a larger chain that sends the power through a 180 degree turn to the transmission that is along side the engine. From there， the power is routed through the transmission to the final drive where it is split and sent to the two front wheels through the drive axles.
There are a number of other arrangements including front drive vehicles where the engine is mounted front to back instead of sideways and there ar