铁路无缝线路温度应力的有限元分析

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Aiming at the problem that the large temperature stress in continues welded rail （CWR） could threaten the track safety appliances, based on the finite element method, considered with the resistances of fasteners and rail bed, the finite element analysis software ABAQUS and 3D modeling software CATIA was applied to simulate the temperature stress in the rail. Using the boundary conditions to control the temperature change of the environment, the distribution of temperature stress field in the rail was obtained. On this basis, the distribution of mises, longitudinal, tangential and vertical stress was analyzed. The research results indicate that, while ambient temperature changes, the rail will produce large temprature stress, the contact surface of the fastener and the rail is the temperature stress concentration, the longitudinal stress is the maximum stress in the temperature stress component of CWR. Compared with the practical data, the longitudinal temperature stress force is less than the rail yield strength. Thus, the CWR temperature stress analysis of finite element software ABAQUS has feasibility,it also lays a good foundation for further study.针对环境温度变化时，无缝线路内部产生的巨大温度应力会危及轨道安全的问题，在结合无缝线路实际结构的基础上，基于有限单元法，采用三维软件CATIA建模，并在有限元软件ABAQUS中对无缝线路模型的温度应力进行了模拟分析，考虑了扣件、轨道板和底座等结构，采用边界条件控制环境的温度变化，从而获得钢轨内部温度应力场的分布，并进一步分析了mises、纵向、切向和垂向的温度应力分布图。研究结果表明，当环境温度变化时，钢轨内部会产生较大的温度应力，由温度分布应力图得到扣件与钢轨的接触面是温度应力的集中部位；无缝线路的温度应力分量中纵向温度应力数值最大，与实际数据比较后，纵向温度应力小于钢轨屈服强度；因此使用有限元软件ABAQUS进行无缝线路温度应力的分析具备可行性，同时也为接下来进一步深入研究提供参考。