智能弹簧装置减振性能的影响因素分析

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A mechanical model and vibration control state equation of active vibration suppression technique based on a smart spring for one rotating machine were established. The influence of actuating forces of piezoelectric ceramic actuators, parameters of smart spring structure and speed influence coefficient of sliding friction force on the vibration suppression performance of the smart spring was analyzed with numerical simulation. The simulation results showed that with in crease in actuating forces, the vibration amplitude of the system decreases, and the vibration suppression performance is enhanced ; there are two kinds of control technology for smart spring, one is stiffness control, and the other is damping control; the stiffness control is effective for vibration suppression under constant-speed and passing through the critical speed; the damping control has a good effect only when the rotating machine is accelerating to pass through the critical speed, and it needs lower control voltage requirement ; the parameters of the smart spring structure obviously affect the vibration suppression performance, so it is necessary to reasonably select the parameters of the smart spring for specific applications ; the effect of speed influence coefficient on the vibration suppression performance is enhanced with increase in the system relative speed.建立了基于智能弹簧的某旋转机械主动减振力学模型和振动控制状态方程。利用数值仿真的方法，分析压电陶瓷器作动器的作动力、智能弹簧结构参数和滑动摩擦力速度影响系数对智能弹簧装置减振性能的影响。结果表明，随着作动力的增大，系统振幅减小，减振性能增强。智能弹簧有阻尼控制和刚度控制两种控制方式。刚度控制对旋转机械恒转速运行和过临界转速时均有很好的减振效果，阻尼控制仅在过临界时才表现出其优良性能，然而埘控制电压的要求更低；智能弹簧结构参数对减振性能影响明显，应根据具体的应用场合，合理选用智能弹簧结构参数；系统的相对速度越大，滑动摩擦力速度影响系数的取值越大，对减振性能的影响越明显。