三轴卧式加工中心主轴静刚度仿真与试验研究

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对卧式加工中心主轴系统静刚度进行了仿真和试验研究。研究发现：经有限元方法计算获得的结果与试验有较好的对应性；主轴静刚度在卸载时要大于加载时，卸载时主轴系统弹性恢复迟滞，并且加载曲线与卸载曲线不封闭，卸载时主轴变形恢复不到起点，进而影响加工精度。因此，提高系统刚度十分必要，可通过合理设计机床主轴结构、减小主轴悬伸量、提高传动部件单位质量刚度等方法提高切削系统刚度。 Focusing on one type of horizontal machining center, finite element method and experimental study were carried on. It is found static stiffness calculated by FEM is identical with experimental data. Spindle static stiffness unloading is more than that of loading. The elastic deformation of spindle system resumes stagnantly when unloading. So the loading curve and unloading curve are not closed. The elastic deformation of spindle system can＇t recover to origin which has bad effect on machining accuracy. Therefore, it is necessary to enhance static stiffness of spindle system. There are some methods to increase stiffness of cutting system such as optimizing the structure of spindle system, abating the elongation of spindle and increasing the stiffness per mass of transmission unit.