贴塑导轨结合面法向动态特性参数的识别及分析

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The plastic-coated guides are often used functional parts of NC machine tools, and the dynamic characteristic of their joints is of significance to machining accuracy. Here, the dynamic characteristic parameters of a plastic-coated guide＇s joint were identified through modal tests, then the influence laws of various factors on the dynamic features of the joint were analyzed. The results showed that increasing sliding speed reduces the dynamic stiffness of the joint ; increasing surface pressure and adding lubrication oil raise the joint＇s stiffness ; the plastic-coated guide can keep the joint dynamic characteristics more stably than the general metal guide can; as the thickness of plastic-coat increases, the joint dynamic stiffness decreases but the damping increases ; the thickness of 1.2 - 1.5 mm is appropriate for the plasticcoat in practice.贴塑导轨由于其良好的力学性能越来越广泛地应用于各类数控机床中，作为机床重要的支承和导向结构，其动态特性对机床的加工精度有重要影响。通过模态试验识别出贴塑导轨结合面的动态特性参数，分析滑动速度、载荷、贴塑厚度等因素对结合面动态特性的影响规律，为机床数字化设计提供参考。试验结果表明：滑动速度增加会降低贴塑结合面的动刚度；适当增加面压、添加润滑油可提高结合面动刚度；导轨贴塑使结合面动态特性变化较稳定，其动刚度随贴塑厚度的增加而减小，阻尼则随贴塑厚度的增大而增大，实际应用中，贴塑厚度以1．2―1．5mm为宜。