非谐振单元变幅器的设计及其动力学研究

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在超声珩齿加工中,由变幅杆和被加工齿轮组成的变幅器的设计是一项关键技术,变幅器的动力学特性对齿轮的加工质量有很大影响。齿轮作为变幅杆的负载,一方面其尺寸和质量大,对变幅器谐振频率的影响不能忽略,另一方面,齿轮的尺寸是由使用要求决定的,不能被任意设计,因此现有的功率超声变幅杆的设计方法不能适用于这种情况。以Mindlin厚板理论为基础,将齿轮简化为一厚圆板,圆板外径等于齿轮分度圆直径,根据齿轮与变幅杆在连接面的耦合关系及各自的动力学方程,建立变幅杆和齿轮组合系统的动力学模型,在此基础上设计变幅器,并进行动力学特性的分析,分析结论为超声珩齿变幅杆的设计提供了理论依据。通过有限元分析验证了设计理论完全可行。 In the machining of ultrasonic gear honing,the design of the transformer composed of solid horn and gear is a key technique,and dynamic characteristics of transformer have a significant impact on the machining quality of gear.The gear is load of solid horn,on the one hand,which has a influence on the resonant frequency of transformer due to its large size and heavy weight,such an influence could not be ignored in the designing of transformer;on the other hand,the gear＇s size is determine by its application requirement,that can not be changed arbitrarily,so the existing design methods of solid horn in other ultrasonic machining are not suitable for this kind of circumstance.Based on the Mindlin theory for thick plate,the gear is simplified as a thick plate,its diameter is equal to pitch circle diameter of the gear,then the coupling relationship of the gear with the horn at the connection surface as well as their own dynamical equations are utilized to establish dynamical model of composite system of the gear and horn.On this basis,the transformer is designed and its dynamic characteristics is analyzed.The conclusion provide theoretical rules for the solid horn design.Finite element analysis verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the theoretical model.