飞行员推拉操纵杆动作的仿真与分析

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Simulation and Analysis for Action of Steering Lever by PilotsWANG De-yu ，SH Juan ，TANG Gang ，SUN Fang。，XU Zheng1.Logistics Engineering Colege，Shanghai Maritime University，Shanghai 201306，China；2.Shanghai GaiTech Scientific nstruments Co.Ltd.，Shanghai 200030，ChinaAbstract：A musculoskeletal model for a pilot and a simplified cockpit model were built，seven positionswhich formed three groups were set for the lever by using the control variate method. Then asimulation in Anybody software for the action of lever operation was conducted to calculate the valuesof shoulder joint force，elbow joint force and force acted on hand.The influence of leverS altitude andposition on these forces was identified after the contrast was made within each group.Results were gotthat with one， two， or even all of three variable changed， the value of these three forces werenegatively correlate with the position factor，in these values the shoulder joint force was the maximumone and largely varied.Designers should set the lever reasonably far from pilots，and properly increasethe height of the lever within the scope of pilotsarm ，in order to reduce the value of forces acted onthe arm of the pilot。

Key words：lever；musculoskeleta1 mode1；simulation；ioint force操纵杆是飞机驾驶舱 内的重要元件 ，飞行员通过推拉操纵杆实现对飞机的控制.在推拉动作中，飞行员手握操纵杆 顶端并通过手臂对杆施力 ，因而杆对手及肩 、肘关节均有反作用力.研究表 明，未经优化放置的操纵杆会使飞行员在操纵过程中长时间承受较大的反作用力 ，从而产生工作疲劳，过度疲劳会降低其反应速度和操纵准确度，危害飞行安全Ⅲ.从人机工程学的角度考虑 ，应该为操纵杆设计-个合收 稿 日期 ：2013-05-27基金项目：教育部博士点基金资助项 目20l23121120004；2011年上海高校青年教师培养资助项目shhsO08；上海海事大学骨干教师培养计划资助项目；天津市应用基窗前沿技术研究重点资助项目11JCZDJC16900；2013年上海海事大学研究生学术新人培育计划资助项 目GK2013074作者简介：王得宇1987-，男，河南商丘人 ，硕士研究生，研究方向为机械设计及理论Ｏ等耍?