蹄式制动器摩擦衬片挤压效应模型研究

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The causes of the heat fade of drum brake were analyzed based on its working principle. The effect of extru- sion effect on the brake process on the friction lining＇ s performance was analyzed theoretically, and the mathematical mod- el of extrusion effect was established, which reflects the relation between the braking validity coefficient and the tempera- ture and friction coefficient. The surface thickness of friction lining was simulated. The results show that the extrusion effect on the brake process is the main cause resulting in the rupture of surface film, which also leads to the serious wear of the friction lining. The constructed macro-model of the brake friction pair indicates the existence of extrusion effect, which can explain the uneven problem of local wear in friction lining due to heat fade, and can predict the wear loss caused by heat fade on the brake process.通过分析蹄式制动器的工作原理，剖析制动器产生热衰退的根本原因，对制动过程中挤压效应对摩擦衬片性能的影响进行理论分析，建立反映制动器效力系数与温度和摩擦因数关系的挤压效应数学模型，并对摩擦衬片的表面膜厚进行模拟计算。结果表明：制动过程中的挤压效应是造成表面膜破裂的主要因素，进而导致破裂处摩擦衬片的磨损加剧；所构建的制动器摩擦副宏观模型，说明了挤压效应的存在，可以解释摩擦衬片由于热衰退而造成局部磨损凹凸不平的问题，并可预测在制动过程中热衰退造成的磨损量。