基于Ashby图的挠性加速度计材料选择

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The characteristic and structural parameters of flexure hinges, which are very important components in the flexure accelerometer, explicitly affect the performance of the flexure accelerometer. The analytical equations of maximum stress, rotation angle and rotation stiffness along the sensitive axis of leaf flexure hinges are deduced. And based on the failure conditions, the calculating formula of the maximum rotation angle of the flexure hinge before failure is derived. As the geometric parameters are same, the maximum rotation angle is related to the ratio of the strength and the elastic modulus of the material. Then the materials selection principle is according to failure resisting force indexes of components, and failure modes under the condition of working loads and overload are analyzed. Based on the method of Ashby charts, charts of strength and elastic modulus of common engineering materials are drawn. Materials indexes of the design example are derived based on stress, stiffness and design requirements of the flexure hinge. The curves corresponding to materials indexes are plotted in the Ashby chart and the appropriate materials manufacturing flexure hinges are chosen according to the position of the curve.柔性铰链是挠性加速度计的关键部件,其性能和结构参数直接影响到加速度计的性能.给出柔性铰链的最大应力、转角及沿敏感轴转动刚度的计算公式,结合失效条件给出柔性铰链失效前最大转角的计算公式.当几何参数不变时,柔性铰链在失效前的最大转角与材料的强度和弹性模量之比有关.以构件失效抗力指标为材料选择原则,分析正常工作载荷和过载载荷下柔性铰链的失效,基于Ashby图方法绘制常用工程材料的强度-弹性模量图.结合设计实例,根据柔性铰链的应力、刚度条件及设计目标得到满足设计要求的材料特征,在Ashby图中绘制材料特征对应的曲线,根据曲线的位置选择合适材料加工柔性铰链.